General Information

Figure 1 shows a suspension bridge that is used by motorcycles, bicycles and pedestrians.

Suspension bridge.
Suspension over a river
Type Single-span suspension bridge
Main span ≅ 90 m
Deck width ≅ 1.5 m
Deck width to main span ratio ≅ 1:60
Pylon Reinforced concrete (A-type, longitudinal)
Girder Steel truss

Steel Truss Girder

Figure 2 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of a steel truss girder sector.

Steel truss girder.
Three-dimensional view of a steel truss girder

The truss is made of L-sections and consists of zig-zag diagonals, verticals, cross members, and cross braces. The verticals, the cross members, and the cross braces are placed each zig-zag period. The hangers are connected to the upper chords over the verticals by welded U-bars. Figure 3 shows the truss viewed from below.

Steel truss girder.
Steel truss girder viewed from below

Over the cross members are placed three timber stringers, and the deck consists of timber planks.

  • What are some possible reasons to choose the above shown girder instead of a transverse beam girder?
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of a bridge sector on shore 1.

    Suspension bridge (shore 1).
    Side view of a truss girder sector

    A horizontal member made of an L-section connects a vertical with a diagonal (on one side and shore 1 only). The same region is used for the chord-to-chord connection, which consists of an additional (overlapping) L-section fixed by bolts and nuts.

  • What is the purpose of the horizontal member?
  • Figure 5 shows a side view of a bridge sector on shore 2.

    Suspension bridge (shore 2).
    Side view of a truss girder sector

    A deformed bottom chord is noticeable, and the vertical clearance h ≅ 2 m. Figure 6 shows the deformed bottom chord.

    Deformed bottom chord.
    Plastic deformed bottom chord

    A new bottom chord made of an L-section with a smaller size is welded to the bottom node regions.

  • What are some possible causes for the bottom chord deformation?
    How does the new bottom chord affect the stiffness of the truss?