General Information

Figure 1 shows a truss bridge that is used by motorcycles, bicycles and pedestrians.

Truss bridge.
Steel truss bridge over a creek.
Main span ≅ 10 m
Type Underslung truss bridge
Truss material Steel
Truss height ≅ 0.3 m
Deck width ≅ 1.2 m

Truss Geometry

Figure 2 shows a side view of the main span.

Truss bridge.
Side view of a steel truss bridge.

The truss is made of rectangular hollow sections, the height h ≅ 0.3 m, and the verticals' spacing l ≅ 1 m. The diagonals are connected to the verticals and have an inclination angle of α ≅ 9°.

  • How efficient is the truss geometry?
    Would there be a structural safety or serviceability problem without the diagonals?
  • Cross-Frame

    Figure 3 shows a bottom view of the bridge.

    Truss bridge.
    Steel truss bridge viewed from below

    The deck is made of timber planks; they are connected to the upper chords and the stringer; the latter is carried by cross-frames that consist of two horizontals (1 and 2) and three verticals (3 to 5). Figure 4 shows a cross-frame to truss connection.

    Cross-frame to truss connection.
    Structural connection of a steel truss bridge

    The horizontals (1 and 2) and the truss are connected by welding; gaps between the cross-frame and the truss are noticeable.

  • What are some possible reasons for the gaps between the cross-frame and the truss?
    What is the purpose of the cross-frame?
  • Alternative Variant

    Figure 5 shows a schematic three-dimensional view of the truss bridge and a beam bridge variant.

    Truss bridge and beam bridge.
    Three-dimensional drawings of a truss bridge and a beam bridge.

    The truss is continuous, while the beam bridge consists of three simply supported I-beams. The deck and the stringers are equal on both bridges, while cross-beams are installed in the beam bridge instead of cross-frames.

  • What are some possible reasons to choose the truss bridge?